Response to a Popular Preservative Following Exposure to Sunlight during Storage

Abstract
 
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of sodium benzoate (SB) and apple juice containing SB on male rats after storage for 2 and 4 months in the sunshine. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine the concentration of sodium benzoate (SB) in the apple juice during each of the three storage stages (starting time, after 2 & 4 months). Ninety-nine white male rats were divided into three stages (starting time, after 2 & 4 months), each stage containing 3 groups (11 rats each): control group, aqueous SB solution, and apple juice containing SB.  Biochemical factors "kidney functions," biomarker oxidation in brain tissues, such as glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as the brain and kidney histological examination, were evaluated / stage. Other biological factors included feed intake (FI) and the weight gain of the rats (BWG). The findings showed that at the three storage stages, the G2 rats' FI and BWG levels were considerably higher than those of the healthy rats' G1 levels. Throughout the many stages, G2 performs the worst. Over the whole period, the healthy group had the highest GSH and the lowest MDA values. Both groups of SB (chemical solution SB and apple juice containing SB) damaged the rats' kidneys and brains. This damage was caused by the oxidation situation.